Referências:  

1. Michael Zwettler, The Oral Tradition of Classical Arabic Poetry, p.14. Ohio State Press: 1978.

2. Transmitido por Ibn Abbas, coletado em Sahih Al-Bukhari, 6.519, traduzido por Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan.

3. Transmitido por Abu Hurayrah, coletado em  Sahih Al-Bukhari, 6.520, traduzido por Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan.

4. Transmitido por Uthman bin Affan, coletado no Sahih Bukhari, 6.546, traduzido por Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan.

5. Jalal al-Din Suyuti, 'Al-Itqan fi-ulum al-Quran, Vol. I, p. 124.

6. Ibn Hisham, Sira al-nabi, Cairo, n.d., Vol.I, p. 206.

7. Al-Bukhari, 6.106.

8. Al-Bukhari, 6.201.

9. Labib as-Said, The Recited Koran, tr. Bernard Weiss, M.A.Rauf, e Morroe Berger, The Darwon Press, Princton, New Jersey, 1975, pg. 58.

10. Ibn al Jazari, Kitab al-Nash fi al-Qir'at al-Ashr, Cairo, al-Halabi, n.d._ vol. 2, p. 254; também Ahmad Makki al-Ansari, al-Difa' 'An al-Qur'an. Cairo, Dar al-Ma'arif, 1973 C.E., part I, p. 120.

11. Labib as-Said, The Recited Koran, tr. Bernard Weiss, M.A.Rauf, e Morroe Berger, The Darwon Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1975, pg. 59.

12. John Burton, An Introduction to the Hadith, Edinburgh University Press: 1994, p. 27.

13. Kenneth Cragg, The Mind of the Qur'an, George Allah & Unwin: 1973, p.26.

14. Tirmidhi, Mishkat al-Masabih, No. 5823.

15. Al-Bukhari, 6.512.

16. Suyuti, Itqan, I, p. 99.

17. M. M. Azami, Kuttab al-Nabi, Beirut, 1974.

18. Muslim, III, No. 4606; also 4607, 4608; Bukhari, 4.233.

19. Ibn Hisham, Sira al-nabi, p. 651.

20. Suyuti, Itqan, I, p. 62.

21. Ibn Abi Dawud, Masahif, p. 14.

22. Bayard Dodge, The fihrist of al-Nadim: A Tenth Century Survey of Muslim Culture, New York, 1970, pp. 53-63.

23. Imam Malik, Muwatta, tr. M. Rahimuddin, Lahore, 1980, no.307, 308.

24. Bukhari, 6.201.

25. Labib as-Said, The Recited Koran, tr. Bernard Weiss, et al., 1975, p. 21.

26. Ibn Hajar, Fath, Vol. IX, p. 10.

27. ibid., p. 11.

28. Bukhari, 6.201.

29. Bukhari, 6.510.

30. Ibn Hajar, Bath, IX, p. 15.

31. Suyuti, Itqan, Vol.I, p. 59.

32. ibid., p. 59.

33. Naysaburi, al-Nizam al-Din al-Hasan ibn Muhammad, Ghara'ib al-Quran wa-ragha'ib al-furqan, 4 vols., to date. Cairo, 1962.

34. Ibn Abi Dawud, p. 12.

35. Zarkashi, al-Badr al-Din, Al-Burhan fi-ulum al-Quran, Cairo, 1957, vol. I, p. 240.

36. Fred L. Israel, Major Peace Treaties of Modern History, New York, Chelsea House Pub., Vol. II, p. 1418.

37. Makhdum, op.cit., 1938, p. 19.

38. Ahmad Von Denffer, Ulum Al-Qur'an, revised ed., Islamic Foundation, 1994, p. 63.

39. The Muslim World, vol. 30 (1940), pp. 357-8.

40. Ahmad von Denffer, Ulum Al-Quran, revised ed., Islamic Foundation, 1994, p. 63.

41. ibid., p. 64.

42. Sir Williams Muir, Life of Mohamet, vol.1, Introduction.

43. ibid.